Small structures: low loading Pt nanoclusters anchored on graphene hollow spheres for efficient hydrogen evolution

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hydrogen is an important renewable energy with high calorific value zero pollution. Hydrogen production by electrocatalytic decomposition of water is one of the main methods to produce H2. In the process of water cracking suitable catalysts are often needed to promote the cathode hydrogen evolution reaction (her). So far the catalytic activity of Pt / her is considered to be the highest among the commercial catalysts. High performance Pt based catalysts depend not only on the intrinsic activity of Pt but also on the loading amount of Pt. In general Pt catalyst with high loading capacity showed higher electrocatalytic activity in her. Due to the scarcity of Pt in the crust high price high metal loading the wide application of Pt based catalysts will be greatly limited. In order to overcome this defect we need to find a cheap substitute for Pt catalyst or reduce the metal loading of PT to improve the catalytic performance of her electrocatalyst. In addition to the active components of

it is also very important to select the appropriate carrier. Graphene is an ideal two-dimensional support material which not only has high conductivity large specific surface area but also has high mechanical strength which is conducive to improving the electrochemical stability structural stability of the catalyst. The two-dimensional graphene is easy to fold recombine this process is irreversible which greatly loses the specific surface area active sites of the catalyst. Three dimensional graphene constructed by template method can make up for the above defects of two-dimensional graphene.

the hollow graphene spheres loaded with functionalized Pt nano clusters (Pt / GHSs) were constructed developed by Tang Yawen School of chemistry materials science Nanjing Normal University to solve this problem. Different from the traditional preparation method no additional reducing agent was added in this work the reduction of oxidized PT was directly carried out by high temperature calcination. The gap between the template graphene is the space barrier of ptcl42 precursor which limits the aggregation of platinum in the heat treatment process finally forms Pt nanoclusters on the surface of hollow graphene. The Pt / GHSs prepared by

have excellent her activity electrochemical stability comparable to commercial Pt / C. The excellent electrocatalytic performance is mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of 3D hollow graphene structure Pt nanoclusters with smaller particle size. The particle size of Pt nanoclusters is very small only 2-5 nm the loading capacity of Pt is only one fifth of that of commercial Pt / C which significantly reduces the production cost of catalyst makes large-scale commercial production possible.

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